The understanding of underground structures, investigation of active faults, and the studies of seismologic and volcanic activities are essential for predicting and preventing seismologic and volcanic disasters. For this purpose, refraction seismic, reflection seismic, gravity surveys, and natural earthquake and micro-earthquake monitoring are conducted. To identify the environment and location of hazards one has to understand the subsurface geology. Geophysical surveys play an important role for this purpose. Remote sensing technology is used for analyzing the broad geological situation and also for monitoring changes in the environment.
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